Brooder stove



Feb. 16 1926.

J. T. LANDGRAF www@ Patented Feb, lt, i926,

unirse v JACOB AT. LANDGEAF, OF MACOMB, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO AMERICAN STEEL PROD- 'UCTS C0., OF MACOIVIB, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

f' BROODER STOVE.

l Application med'nme 1s, 1925. serial No. 36,799.

To all 'whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, JACOB T. LANDGRAF, citizen of the United States, residing.;` at Macomb. Illinois. have invented certain new and useful Improvements yin a Brooder Stove; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as Will enable others Y Skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to stoves of the general class of which coal burning heating stoves are typical, and more particularly to means for simultaneously controlling both 15l the air supply ofthe stove and a check Among the objects of my invention is that of providing a stove in which the rate ofy burning is controlled partly by the flow of 'hot gases through a by-pass from the ashpit to the lue or flue chamber and partly by regulating the air supplyof the stove. For

lthis purpose my invention provides simple means operating in unison for controlling the direct passage of gases from the ashpit to the flue and for controlling the supply of air for the stove. ,It also provides a construction particularly suitable for use in connection Witha controlling thermostat supported by the stove and operated by Vchanges of temperature in the air at some distance from the stove. More particularly, my invention provides a stoveconstructed so that the air supply is taken through a j part of a duct operatively connecting the ashpit ofV the stove with thei'iue. provides dampers for controlling both the air supply and the movement of gases from the ashpit through the duct to the Hue, and provides damper-operating means so arranged that both the flow of hot gases through the duct and a tlow of c'old air through the upper portion of the duct can afford the needed check draft.

In one of its immediate commercial aspects, my invention is particularly suitable for use as the heater of a-brooder and adapted also for use with a stove having a check draft chamber between the heat-ing chamber of the stove and the flue. I am therefore illustrating and describingr my invention in embodiments particularly suitable for this purpose, from which further and more detailed objects will also appear.

In the drawings, Fig. l is a central, longitudinal and vertical section through a brooder stove embodying my invention, also showing a portion of an adjacent brooder hood. r

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section ofthe same stove, taken along the line 2 2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a section similar to a portion of F1g. l, butshowing another embodiment of my invention, namely one employing two separately pivoted dampers instead of the single damper member of Fig. l.

Fig. t is a vertical section through another embodiment of my invention, namely one in which the air inlet opens directly into the ashpit and in which one damper is disposed at the lower end of the by-pass duct. l

In the embodiments of Figs. l and 2, my brooder stove includes a base section having a top 2 which forms the bottom of the ashpit of the stove. This top 2 supports a second section 3 forming the sides of the ashpit, and the section 3 in turn supports a heater section 4, the usual rocking grates 5 being provided adjacent to the bottom of the heater section for supporting the fuel.

rIhe top of the heater section is shown as constructed after the manner of U. S. Patent No. 1,519,819 of Dec. 16, 1924: to I-Iugh L. Gaddis, namely as supporting a tlue collar 6 adapted to receive the lower end of a flue pipe 7, a baflle plate 8 disposed for restricting the passage of hot gases from the heater section to the check draft chamber 9 as thus formed between the balile plate and other upper Wall portions of the stove, and a removable fuel door l0.

Overhanging the rear end of the stove and extending downwardly behind the rear wall ll. of the stove is a channel-sectioned casting 12 which cooperates with the said rear wall 11 in forming a duct extending from the rear of the ashpit to the check draft chamber 9. This duct is provided with an alir inlet, shown in Fig. 1 as formed by tilting` arear wall portion 13 of the duct rearwardly so as to afford an air inlet opening 151 disposed behind the upper portion vfrom the ashpit through the entir of the said duct. Thus arranged, the duct is' adapted ,for `servingtwo separate purposes, namely that of permitting .the `air supply for the stove to pass downward from the inlet 14 into the ashpit and that ofV permitting heated gases to pass upwards length of .the duct to the check draft chamber' 9 and from' this to the flue pipe.

To control the operation of the duct for thesev two purposes, I provide two dampers 15 and 16, here shown as parts of a' single damper member pivoted on a pin 17 which extends transversely of the stove through the channel-sectioned casting,` 12. The damper member also vhas rigidly connected to it an arm 28 which is connected by a VVlinlrlt to the lower or vpivoted lever 19 of a therniostatic regulator. Vrlhis regulator consists of a. bracket 2O bolted to the'back of the stove .and carrying a downwardly extending pin 21.011 theblower head of which.

the vpivotmember V19 is pivoted at its rear end, the pivoted member 19 being pivoted at its .forward end to the link 18. Interposed between the parts 19 and 2O are the thermally expansible means, here shown as a pair of superposed hollow diaphrag-ms or so called therinostatic wafers, which diajphragms contain the usual liquid Vaporizable at a temperature below that to which the air adjacent to the diaphragmsV is to be heated. i

By adjusting the pivot bolt 21, the .control mechanism is regulated so that when thefair adjacent to the diaphragme 22is cold, the greater weight of the left hand sidev of the damper member (which consists of the two ydainpeis 15 and 16) willV rock this into position `shown in full lines in Fig. 1, this damper member being suitably' proportioned in weight for that purpose. When in this position, the damper 15 effectively closes the portion of the duct between the air inlet and the check draft chamber 9,

Iwhile the damper 16 is raised so as vto provide a wide opening of the air inlet. Consequently, air can pass freely from Vthis inlet through the lower portion of the duct into the .ashpitzto supply the air needed for the combustion of the fuel on the grate 5. As soon as the stove has warmed sulii ciently to raise the temperature of the surrounding air,"tl1.e the niostatic wafers 22 point well up under the hood.

which is clockwise Kin Fig. 1. In doing this, the ydamper member first reaches an intermediate position in which the damper 1G contracts the air inlet so as to throttle the amount of entering air., while the damper 15 partly opens the connection to the upper portion of the duct. 1ilhen the damper member is in this medial position, the heating; of air in the duct through the rear wall 11 tendsto cause4 an upward movement of air through. the duct tothe check draft chamber,thereby serving to some extent as a b-y-pass for air from the heater to the check draft chamber. At the same time, some air may still-enter the Firebox through the lower rear portion of the said duct,v and the tvo actions willcoinbine to cause the fuel to burn at a reduced rate.

If .this checking action is insulticient, the thermostatic control will swing the two dampers further, and when the inlet dan'iper 16 is almost in its closure position, the `flow of hot gases upthe duct may carry the relatively small amount of cool entering' air up with it to the flue, thereby coolingl the latter and further checking the draft from thc heater chamberto the liuc through thejflue chamber 9. 0r, if the adjacent air is warr er still more, the continued 'expansion of the therniostatic wafers will move the damper member to the extreme checking position, namely that in which the damper 15 fully opens the vconnection vbetween the two portions of the duct and in which thc damper 16 entirely closes the airinlet. lll ith the damper Vmember in this position, no whatever is admitted tothe ashpit or below the grates, but the heat-ing ofthe air with in the duct rthrough the hot rear wall 1i of the heater chamber causes an upward movement of air or gases within 'this duct. Consequently, still 'more yof the hot gases in the heater chamber will be drawn down through the bed of fuel into the lirebox and up through the said duct to the vcheck Vdraft chamber and the flue, and this downward diu'iwiiig` of the gases through the fuel will exert a powerful checkingv action on the rate of combustion Aof the fuel.

Owing to the combined action `thus obtained by concurrently m'ovingboth of the dempers, I am able to secure a highly sensitive and effective control of the stove, there- -by making` .my stove particularly desirable for uses where a fairly close regulation of the surrounding temperature is desired. Furt-heremore, by locating,` the Vcontrolled air inlet at a considerable height. above the floor, I provide lthe air supply for the stove at a j By doing this, I avoid the chilly draft to which the chicks would be subjected if the air supply was taken from a pointneur the b, ttom of the stove so to ycause inward currents cold air close to the licor.

However, while I have heretofore described my invention 1n connection with a particular type ot broeder stove and in an `embodiment employing a single damper EIR member, I do not wish to` be limited to these or other details ot the construction andarrangement thus disclosed, it being obvious Vthat many modifications might be lmade without departing either from the spirit of cooperates with the usual thermostatically actuated link 18 for ettecting the required Vmovement of the two dampers against the action of gravity.

Fig. L shows still' another embodiment, namely one in which the air inlet is formed vin the rear wall of the ashpit and in which the duct-controlling damper 30 is disposed for entirely shutting oit the connection between the ash pit and the by-pass duct. In each case, thisductpreferably has a wall in common with the heater chamber, so that the air'or gases remaining in this duct when the duct-controlling damper is in its closure position will be heated and hence will bev ready to cause an upward movementot `gases through the duct as soon as this damper is even partly opened.

l claim as my invention l. In a stove, a heater chamber" disposed above an ashpit and below a. iue, a duct connecting the ashpit with the flue independent ot the heater chamber and having an (intermediate air inlet, two dampers respectively controlling the parts ot the duct leading from the air inlet to the flue and to the'ashpit, and connections` for moving the dampers in unison so vas to more one damper to `its open position while moving the other damper to its closure position.

2. In a stove, a heater chamber disposed above an ashpit and below a flue, a duct connecting the ashpit with the liuc and having an intermediate air inlet, and a single damper member having two parts respectively disposed for 'controlling' the passage ot air from the said inlet. to the ashpit and for controlling the part ot the duct between the air inlet and the flue, the said damper parts being disposed so that one thereof is in its closure position whenever. the other thereof is in its open position.

3. In a stove, a heater chamber disposed above the ashpit and below a Hue, a duct connecting the ashpit with the flue, an air inlet altording the normal air supply it'or the stove through ,the ashpit, a damper controlling the portion of the chiot above the air inlet, a second damper controlling the air inlet, and connections whereby one damper moves to its open position whenever the other damper moves to its closure position. p

4:. In a stove, a heater chamber disposed above an ashpit and below a i'lue` a duct connecting the ashpit with the flue and having one wall in common with the heater chamber, the duct having an air inlet intermediate its ends, a damper controlling the air inlet, a second damper controlling` the part ot the duct between the air inlet and the iiue, and connections whereby one damper is moved to its open position whenever the other damper is moved to its closure position.

5. In a stove. a heater chamber disposed above an ashpit and below a flue, a duct connecting the ashpit with the tlue and having an air inlet at a considerable height above the ashpit, and means responsive to the temperature at a point spaced from the heater whereby a rise in temperature decreases the admission o'f air through the inlet and increases the Afreedom with which hot gases can pass up the duct from the ashpit to the fluo.

6. In a stove, a heater chamber disposed' above an ashpit and below a line, a duct connecting the ashpit with the flue outside ot the heater chamber, thc duct having an air inlet and the ashpit being laterally closed so that the air supply for the heater chamber is normally drawn entirely lJthrough the said air inlet and through the portion oli the duct between the ashpit and the said air inlet, a damper controlling the ai'r inlet, a second damper controlling the portion ot" the duct between the air inlet and the flue, and connections for conjointly moving the two dampers so that oit-her thereof will be moved towards its closure position while the other is moving towards its open position.

7. In a stove, a heater chamber disposed above an ashpit and below a flue. a check draft chamber interposed between thc heater chamber and the fluo and connected to both thereof, a. bypass duct connecting),- the ashpit with the check draft chamber independently of the heater chamber, an air inlet norn'ially affording the air supply for the stove through the ashpit, and conjointly actuated means Yfor controlling the air inlet and the passage ot gases through the duct from the ashpit to the check draft chamber.

S. A stove as per claim 7, in which the duct is disposed in heat conducting relation to ythe heater chamber.

9. In a stove, a heater chamber disposed above an ashpit. air admitting means counected to the ashpit. a flue connected to thc .upper portion of the heater chamber by lll) llD

.pass connection leading fr'omfthe ashpit to the iine, and control means associated with Ythe air admitting means and the lay-pass the by-pass connection is olosed While the other theieof is open; the by-pass Connection being disposed so as to be heated from., the heater chamber and the Control 'means l0 being disposed when in intermediate position to Cooperate with the`bypass connection in admitting aii' to the fine foi` Checking the draftk of the iue.

Signed at Macomb, Illinois, May 29, 1925.

' JACOB T. LANDGRAF. 

